After Poland managed to collapse communist regime in partially free elections in 1989 where all elected sits went to democratic opposition the whole Soviet Union collapsed. Ukraine declared independence in 1991, all regions of Ukraine decided to stay with Ukraine in national referendum.

In 1991 Polish and Ukraine GDP were about equal, both countries have around 40 million citizens.

Poland immediately turned towards West. We rapidly liberated our economy - Balcerowicz reforms. We aimed at joining NATO and EU as guarantees of our independence from Soviets/Russia. After invading Poland in 1939 with Germans, last Russian soldiers left Poland in 1993. We joined NATO in 1999 and EU in 2004.

Ukraine on the other hand was divided between West and East.

In 2021 Polish economy was 3 times bigger than Ukrainian. More than million Ukrainians were economic migrants in Poland.

We made the right choice with turning immediately towards West with full force. Ukraine stumbled.

But they saw that Poland is doing so much better than they were doing. That's why they wanted to join EU. That's what started Euromajdan.

Now Russia is threatening all of us with nuclear holocaust. Every other month you can hear from the highest Russian leadership nuclear threats.

We have lost 20% of population in WWII started by Germany and Soviet Russia. Every fifth person killed.

We are taking Russian holocaust threats 100% seriously.

They very often get popular "tricky" questions wrong because they saw it so many times that they switch from internal reasoning to memorization/retrieval.

https://arxiv.org/html/2407.15160v2

The Expressive Power of Transformers with Chain of Thought

https://arxiv.org/html/2310.07923v5

Transformer needs to retrieve letters per each token while forced to keep internal representation still aligned in length with the base tokens (each token also has finite embedding, while made out of multiple letters), and then it needs to count the letters within misaligned representation.

Autoregressive mode completely alleviate the problem as it can align its internal representation with the letters and it can just keep explicit sequential count.

BTW - humans also can't count without resorting to sequential process.

https://chatgpt.com/share/6775cb37-4198-8007-82cb-e897220827...

https://chatgpt.com/share/6775c9a6-8cec-8007-b709-3431e7a2b2...

Basically one feed forward is not Turing complete, but autoregressive (feeding previous output back into itself) are Turing complete.

And failure modes of other types of reasoners do not need to be the same as the failure modes of humans.

You can make mistakes and still reason. Very often people given the same premises will disagree in thier reasoning as we are doing right here.

The proper way to ask it would be to ask which object has more mass.

Otherwise these ships served as missile lunchers, but even then they had to widraw to ports far away from Ukraine, because of drone attacks.

Ukraine won the naval battle at tiny fraction of the Russian navy cost.

And if other countries like USA have conflicting laws like Patriot Act then companies can be even forced to divest from EU or split their businesses so that USA branch can not enforce USA spy laws in EU. Google Privacy Shield.

I want to see AI moving the state of the art of the world understanding - physics, mathematics etc. - the way it moved state of the art of the Go game understanding.

That's why I don't understand why Budapest Memorandum signatories allow Russia for breaking the security guarantees.

Ukraine gave up fully the third biggest nuclear arsenal for security guarantees from Russia, USA, France and UK.

To me it seems pretty clear that if Ukraine falls then nuclear disarmament and nonproliferation is dead. And that my country, Poland, should seek to develop nuclear weapons.

It's the longest period in our thousand years history that we Poles have not had to fight Germans.

We have lost maybe even 1/3 of population in wars with Sweden, 1/5 of population in war with Germany.

Poland didn't exist or 123 years under Russian, Prussian and Austrian occupation.

Given that as a baseline, I'm really grateful for the EU.

It really opens up a lot of walled gardens. I'm also looking forward to interoperability of chat services.

Pity that AI act is nowhere near as good. And if passed as proposed by EU parliament it will end up killing EU chances at competing on the emerging AI market.

Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36346487

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I lost interest in Cyberpunk quite early. To me Cyberpunk is too American with overdone themes. Although the Cyberpunk anime is great. Simple story, but has really well put together characters and delivers emotional punch. I will have to try to get back to the game. Maybe on second try it will be better.

Cyberpunk is unfortunately nowhere near as good in terms of the story as the Witcher.

Then there are rich countries, great education, great child care facilities, government support and low fertility rates.

Rich people are busy complaining about not being able to have children. Poor people just have them.

During communism there was nothing in the shops, big families were living in small apartment with parents sleeping on beds opening from the wall. There was no disposable diapers. In general people had not much career opportunities.

And then communism collapsed, and as people became richer trough capitalism fertility rates plummeted.

And there was no policies to convince people against having big families.

The basic pattern is the same across the world poor countries have high fertility rates. Rich countries have low fertility rates. And as poor countries become rich their fertility rates go down.