Also H1B pays FICA taxes, that exemption is only for OPT. The OPT exemption can be easily removed.

   from typing import Optional, Union
   def square(
      a: Union[int, float], 
      b: Optional[int] = 2
   ) -> float:
      c = a**b
      return c

Python's type ecosystem's support for proper type checked data science libraries is abysmal (`nptyping` is pretty much the most feature complete, and it too is far from complete), and has tons of weird bugs.

The Array API standard (https://data-apis.org/array-api/latest/purpose_and_scope.htm...) is a step in the right direction, but until that work is close to some sort of beta version, data science folks will have tons of type errors in their code, in spite of trying their best.

And the idea that you will do everything with a conda package at every point is laughable. You need a compilable language, where code can be ported over from Python very rapidly, and where ML/AI tools such as differentiability is a first class citizen. That language doesn't really exist today, but multiple billions of actual industrial applications need it.

In fact, what the negativity shows here is how skewed Hacker News is towards the bit folks, and how little they talk to the atoms side of things.

Secondly, superconductors are one of the most promising platforms for qubits. Big boost for quantum computing - and these are just two applications off the top off my head.

Both were really amazing for my career, and shared some common attributes.

- They shared project goals and documents with me from day 1, so all of us knew what the deliverables were

- Cared about my development, and were willing to make changes to deliverables to align well with my own future goals

- Never managed a large team, always mentioned that big team sizes are unwieldy and ineffective

- Praised my work in public and to other people. They would go to a meeting, where I am not present - and praise my contributions. I had people come up to me months later, because they had heard so many positive things about me from my manager

Your rich dad endows a building in an Ivy and you are in - and apparently it's all good!

IITs are way more teaching focused than research focused, and are have a very light international student presence - two factors that enormously influence rankings.