Hacker News: amelung

New comment by amelung in "Previously unknown verses by Empedocles found on papyrus"

amelung — Sun, 12 Apr 2026 14:19:22 +0000

> PEUSIS PAN GAR SEEMS

I think the Greek doesn't read «ΠΕΥΣΗ ΠΑΝ ΓΑΡ» but «ΠΕΥΣΗΙ ΠΑΝ ΓΑΡ» with «Ι», and «ΠΕΥΣΗΙ» = «πευσῃ» could be the 2nd sg. of the future of «πυνθάνομαι» ‹learn›. «ΠΑΝ» would be ‹all, every(thing)›, «ΓΑΡ» ‹namely, because (postponed)›. ‹… you will learn, everything namely …›? I don't know. – The «ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ» ‹seems, appears› is on the next line, after some missing words.

New comment by amelung in "Previously unknown verses by Empedocles found on papyrus"

amelung — Sun, 12 Apr 2026 13:59:35 +0000

Respect! even if I can't agree with every detail, e.g. «ΚΑΙ ΤΟΥΤΩ» would require the «Υ» and the «Τ» to be quite different from the «Υ»s and «Τ»s in clearer cases, e.g. in the «ΚΑΙ ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟΥ» we both read as such. So I would stick to «ΚΑΙΤΟΙΠΩ…».

New comment by amelung in "Previously unknown verses by Empedocles found on papyrus"

amelung — Sat, 11 Apr 2026 18:53:42 +0000

I think the image shown at the top right is the entire text that was discovered: because if you count all the lines (including even the ones where no mortal can see actual letters), you get 30. I admire the experts who can make sense out of it. Words are not separated by blanks. The first line in the second column may start with «ΚΑΙΤΟΙ ΠΩ…» ‹and yet wh…›. Below that perhaps «Η ΜΕΙΖΟΝ …» ‹or greater›. Further below even I can read clearly a «ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ» ‹he / she / it appears›. Even further down I read «ΚΑΙ ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟΥ» ‹and through / per / via this›.

New comment by amelung in "Dulce et Decorum Est (1921)"

amelung — Sat, 07 Mar 2026 20:03:49 +0000

> is allowed to be long

or even determined to be long? The descriptions of the Alcaic strophe I found specify the first syllables of the first three verses as anceps but the first syllable of the fourth as long. Skimming the other odes in the third book, I havenʼt found another example where that would be doubtful. Maybe the hiatus candidates Trōica in 3:3, Pīeriō in 3:4, but fīet in a Sapphic strophe of 3:14 is certainly long.

But how is it long:

- probably not by position, because of muta cum liquida after the vowel. (An example for V.pl instead of Vp.l is capta virum puerosque ploret in 3:3.)

- the vowel length seems to be unclear, as indicated by Lewis / Short. I thought the etymology might help, but Walde / Hofmann tell that the etymology is unknown – and that a certain Muller Ait. W. 351 (?) is wrong to argue for a long o because it is clearly attested as short in verses by Accius and Lucretius.

So I am puzzled.

New comment by amelung in "Dulce et Decorum Est (1921)"

amelung — Sat, 07 Mar 2026 18:14:22 +0000

Yes, de.co:.rust. Thanks for reminding me, I never knew or had completely forgotten.

New comment by amelung in "Dulce et Decorum Est (1921)"

amelung — Thu, 05 Mar 2026 12:19:14 +0000

Metrum Alcaicum:

  dul.cet.de.co:.rest.|pro:.pa.tri.a:.mo.ri:
  mor.set.fu.ga:.cem.|per.se.qui.tur.vi.rum
  nec.par.ci.tin.bel.li:s.iu.ven.tae
  po:pli.ti.bus.ti.mi.do:.que.ter.go

(Not sure about the first syllable of "poplitibus": muta cum liquida and long "o"?)

Reading it like in school (with qualitative stress marking the quantitative meter), that would be:

  dulcét decórest | pró patriá morí
  morsét fugácem | pérsequitúr virúm
  nec párcit ínbellís iuvéntae
  póplitibús timidóque térgo.

Thanks for the link!