No, they are losing billions because LLMs are not a viable business. Their real business is making bombastic statements which the credulous press prints unquestioning, fooling various investors and ... that's it. IPO is another of these. You really should note how the Anthropic IPO date keeps slipping because they can't make the S-1 public as it would give away the game immediately. The market was fooled by SpaceX once you can't do this a second or third time.

I do.

I worked as an installer for an ISP in 1995. Yes, it did exist. I remember the excitement of small business owners for getting it. No one needed explanation that instantly sending editable files over email is a game changer for many small firms. Previously you could either fax which was not editable or you needed to courier which was expensive and while overnight was possible it was even more expensive and still much slower than just email.

So yes, it created positive value the very moment you would open Eudora or Pegasus and press Send.

It didn't require hundreds of billions of capex. It required someone to set up shop with a PC, a serial card and a couple modems.