Presumably it goes to some sort of goods and services. The employees pay income taxes. The businesses pay corporate taxes. And so on.

Similarly, when a business lays off 10,000 people, it's not their problem anymore. Whereas from a macroeconomic policy perspective, "everybody" is the government's responsibility.

That being said, my background is primarily Microsoft SQL more than Postgres. As such I'm occasionally bemused at the sort-of monoculture here around Postgres, where if Postgres doesn't have it, it may as well not exist*.

And so it is in this case (the DELAYED_DURABILITY documentation I linked above). Alas, this doesn't seem to be something I see in standard SQL, so indeed, as you say, it's too bad that the standard doesn't provide for relaxing the rules.

Relatedly, the other interesting thing is the chatter about fsync. I know on Windows that's not the mechanism that's used, and out of curiosity I looked deeper into what MS-SQL does on Linux, and indeed they were able to get significant improvement by leveraging similar mechanisms to ensure the data is hardened to disk without a separate flush (see https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43443703). They contributed to kernel 4.18 to make it happen.

> The repeated use of a write request followed by a flush request may be detrimental to performance and will increase traffic on the I/O bus.

> Prior to the Linux Kernel 4.18 updates, Linux could use Fua but only for the file system journaling writes and not data writes.

> If your system supports Fua and you have the Linux Kernel 4.18 or newer updates, you can enable SQL Server trace flag -T3979 and use /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf set control.alternatewritethrough 0. SQL Server will use Fua write behavior patterns instead of Forced Flush. File systems supporting optimized Fua align SQL Server on Linux with SQL Server on Windows behavior and performance.

*I think performance of CTEs/Views is another topic where I noticed it, where it was just taken as given that they can hurt performance, whereas in T-SQL they are simply equivalent to subqueries

https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/blog/sqlserver/sql-serve...

More from kernel.org: https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/block/writeback_cache...

Otherwise, is the suggestion that there be an artificial delay to allow other transactions to piggyback before returning success on commit 1?

Should that be a default? (That was the context of this thread)

> The common soda can, a marvel of mass production, is 94% soda and 6% can by mass. Compare that to the external tank for the Space Shuttle at 96% propellant and thus, 4% structure. The external tank, big enough inside to hold a barn dance, contains cryogenic fluids at 20 degrees above absolute zero (0 Kelvin), pressurized to 60 pounds per square inch, (for a tank this size, such pressure represents a huge amount of stored energy) and can withstand 3gs while pumping out propellant at 1.5 metric tons per second. The level of engineering knowledge behind such a device in our time is every bit as amazing and cutting-edge as the construction of the pyramids was for their time.

It's not so much about Turing as it is libraries and patterns

After all, as I understand it this very issue was caused by escaping SQL rather than parameterizing it

In other words: you specify version 44, the attacker creates 44.1, you're still hosed.

Moral of the story: the "technical part" of things is not the end of the story

Alternative moral: The 3-2-1 backup rule of thumb is still alive and well (is your cloud account a single point of failure?)

Related: https://www.infoworld.com/article/2179073/murder-in-the-amaz...

> What stops a malicious actor from recording the signals coming off the satellites and replaying them louder with a delay?

The game doesn't exist without players. I could make more money if I worked at Meta or Amazon, but at what cost?

I understand the realities of Game Theory, but then one could argue that being blamed and criticized for one's choices is also part of the game. "Mr Wolfcastle, how do you sleep at night?" "On a big pile of money with many beautiful ladies"

Is government spending crowding out private investment? (Is the private sector competing with the government for employees?). If so then GDP should increase

Is unemployment high? Then probably it would hurt GDP, but that depends on interest rates. If interest rates are very low, then there's very little cost to having excess employees being paid by the government: indeed presumably you can find something else useful for them to do. If interest rates are high, then the government is paying a heavy rate to subsidize these now-redundant employees. That's stagflation, which is essentially economic hard mode.

For example, what a waste it was during the Great Recession, when interest rates were basically zero, to have people unemployed instead of doing something useful, like maintaining or upgrading infrastructure. Alas!

> Your request seeks a copy of tables or columns within each table of CANVAS. The dissemination of these pieces of network information could jeopardize the security of the systems of the City of Chicago.

Related: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43175628

And you can see a premature declaration of victory along similar lines from the Russian state media, which was then taken down when Ukraine did not in fact fold in three days: https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-60562240. You can see the archive.org capture of the original article linked there if you wish to see the primary source.

Yes, their GDP is weak (nevertheless, Russia persists). No, it doesn't make any sense if you look at it through a normal Western lens, which is why there was widespread disbelief that Russia was to imminently invade Ukraine. But, as the saying goes, "Russia can't be understood by the mind alone"