There is one truth I have come to know, said by someone far wiser tha me: A queue is either empty or full. Which is to say a queue can either handle all the data coming in, or it can’t. When it can’t it will fill to capacity. This is a probabilistic thing, and you can only decide how many nines to plan for. And it’s worse than it looks at first, because queuing theory is very non intuitive with non linearities that make it very hard to reason about wothout having your nose rubbed in it.

So that means, that yes, you can keep doubling the size of your queue. And no, you can’t ever make it big enough to deal with a poisson distribution. And while you’re at it you will likely need to add workers. And you’re still back to capacity planning and deciding how much money to throw at the problem.

What you may be getting at, and what the article sort of failed at, is that queues are still super valuable for smoothing small spikes, or even large predictable ones. But a queue alone, without backpressure, or overflow will likely cause systems to fall over. Sometimes in ways that are hard to recover from, especially if you have some kind of microservices inspired architecture, where one thing going offline causes another queue elsewhere to fill. Or worse, bringing a failed service back online stresses another system causing it to fall offline. (not meant to be a dig on microservices by the way)

This, of course, makes on boarding and new user acquisition harder, and can severely limit product growth. And this also leaves space for simpler products to come along and cater to the novice market. Or, companies can fight this tendency, and remove features, or make them harder to use, in order to cater to less demanding demographics.

What I'd be curious about is what spotify looks like as their market share levels off. Do they keep catering to the automatic playlist crowd, or does their average user get more sophisticated over time?

Contains FCC ID: 2AC7Z-ESP32WROVERE.

So when I say "there is no way", what I'm referring to, are the functions that configure drivers don't accept out of bounds values. And functions that ultimately drive the antenna can't drive them hard enough to be in violation. The main reason I know any of this, was that I found a function when working on firmware for the ESP32 on a commercial device, and I thought I could set the power to a level that I thought was too high. Well, that's when I learned what the binary blob that Espressif supplies was for. The guardrails are baked into the API for that blob.

So, does that mean you can't go out of your way to subvert those guardrails? No, but you would be incredibly foolish to knowingly create a device that will get the attention of the FCC. Similarly, there's nothing stopping you from building a circuit that amplifies the signal the device sends to the antenna. But when you're potentially talking about fines per event, and fines per device, it's wise to make sure you play nice.

If the wi-fi chip you're using has free firmware, where none of it is obfuscated, it's very likely that the limitations are baked directly into the chip, such that there is no register combination that would allow it to be out of compliance. Also, I'm not sure that all chips have transitive FCC licensing, so it might be wise to look into that before releasing the device commercially.

And keep in mind, I'm not even talking about creating accidental radios from poorly designed analog circuits, or unshielded high frequency digital circuits. That's a whole other can of worms.

I agree there is not much of a clear call to action. As a firmware engineer who has worked with bluetooth amd wifi, this is a key phrase. It’s also a big fantasy. FCC compliance is a big headache, and part of why people buy a given chip is the FCC certification comes with it. For instance, if I throw an ESP32 into a product and use wifi, I don’t need further certification. That can only happen if “there is no way” you can make the radio do what the FCC doesn’t allow. A general stategy for this is for the company to give a binary blob for radio related functions that limits the radio capabilities that you need to link to in your final build.

So that means there is almost zero chance the chip makers will ever publicly move away from binary blobs. At best they might quietly support reverse engineering efforts by open source driver projects.

That said, I would love it if all the chips I worked with had a battle hardened non vendor alternative. One major downside to these binary blobs is that they can be buggy. We were recently able ro rewrite our Bluetooth firmware to use an opensource version which greatly sped up the data throughput since it didn’t have a bug that killed byte transfer. But we don’t use this code lightly. FCC violations are crazy expensive and not something you take lightly.

I just don't think that LLM business models can survive the allure of advertising dollars, any more than Search could, or TV, or Radio, or Movies. Ignoring the talk of copilot putting ads into pull requests, there is just no way that publicly hosted LLMs will not end up inserting ads into the output.

This looks like what I remember. https://freakonomics.com/podcast/is-google-getting-worse/

https://youtu.be/QVXfcIb3OKo?si=74EdIey6RIhuwdzg

You can’t really do that with google anymore, and I can’t remember the last time I bothered to actually learn something that wasn’t trivial from google. ChatGPT, however, has been a game changer. I can ask a really dumb question and get some basic info about the thing I’m asking about, and while it’s often not quite what I’m looking for, it gives me clues to follow, and I can quickly zero in on what I’m looking for, often in new contexts.

As an autodidact who’s main motivation to go to college was to get access to the stacks and direct internet access, I can’t even begin to tell you how game changing LLMs seem to be for learning.

To your point though, my concern is we don’t know how to teach how to learn, and LLMs will likely seduce many into bad behavior and poor research hygiene. I treat my research the same way I attack the stacks, but take someone who’s never been to a research library and ask them to create a report on some topic, and just why? That is the basic resistance, why?, why do what an LLM is almost literally built to do. Yet that is also highly related to individual learning, to take a bunch of disperate sources and synthesize output related to the input.

I suspect we’ll learn how to use LLMs in the same way we learned how to use calculators. But I have no doubt that on average (or maybe median or mode?) calculators have made us less capable to do basic arithmetic, and I suspect LLMs will also cause a great percentage of the population to be worse at sythesizing information. I’d hope that it’s only the same people who would have otherwise only gotten their information from TV, but I do have a slight fear it will creep past that subsection of the population.

This can still be a really big win, because of other things that tend to be boiler around the core logic, but it's certainly not the panacea that everyone who is largely incapable of being precise with language thinks it is.

Bonus points for figuring out the correct language to use to imply repercussions for failure to act without any actual threats. Patio11 has written about similarly worded letters with regards to debt collections and banking, and I know that there are all kinds of magic incantations in law for all kinds of transgretions.

This is at least true for some specific rifles, where there’s a whole industry around selling unfinished receivers that are relatively easy to mill down with common machining tools to be able to assemble unregistered rifles.

My guess, is that these bills are a knee jerk reaction to constituents who’ve seen some tik toks talking about this. Though the conspiracist in me thinks that it’s mostly an excuse for control. This means, this bill is also coming for the UK too…

I'll be interested to see how this unfolds. I have little skin in the game being mostly upstream of the supply chain, but I've had reason to purchase from both companies, and hope this doesn't blow up into a huge thing.

On a tangent, I’m amazed at how bad most random crimps I see on the internet are. Also, the number of people who debate the use of solder on crimps without discussing potential issues with said solder is too high.

We had a problem trying to bring up a couple of Pi 5, hoping they'd represent something reproducable we could deploy on multiple sites as an isolation stage for remote firmware programming. Everything looked great, until we brought one somewhere and untethered it from ethernet, and we started getting bizarre hangs. Turned out the wifi was close enough to the PCIe ribbon cable that bursts of wifi broadcasts were enough to disrupt the signal to the SSD, and essentially unmount it (taking root with it). Luckily we were able to find better shielded cables, but it's not something we were expecting to have to deal with.

Right now society doesn’t look very good to so many people in the US it’s almost hard to talk about. Job growth is literally people saying, “hey, tomorrow, I can see it look better. We can spend time and resources to create something we all want more than today.” When job growth is low, that vision must also be low.

Taxation can turn that around in an industry. It can turn that around in aggregate. It does thay by both signaling to players, and by changing the game tree payout structure.

I think much of the taxation conversation right now is unfortunate because it keeps getting couched in terms of tax brackets, and that is almost a strawman at this point (even if many people think it’s important). I would say we need to tax the 1% differently. For instance, stock buy backs are currently a hugely distorting effect on the world economy. You can start by greatly taxing that.

The real thing people are talking about when talking about taxing the 1% isn’t just about tax brackets, it’s more about how taxes don’t materially effect people once they reach certain thresholds. It’s the same fundamental problem with traffic tickets. They are not proportional to general wealth so that means it’s a set of laws that apply less and less as one gains wealth which not only feels unfair, it is arguably a corrupting influence undermining the rule of law.