The one that constantly trips me up is 'which' vs 'where' but that's for a different reason.

('Get-ChildItem' is an abomination.)

Used to be a solved problem before some ** messed it up. I hate that game too.

In fact, following the OP's link to https://citizenlab.ca/research/how-discover-tech-turned-targ..., "the company’s ads were shown on almost 200,000 unique websites and Android/iOS apps in dozens of countries" so it's not just apps but ordinary websites you visit in your android chrome browser.

(Hagelin) Crypto AG.

There is no mention of force as a punishment (such as spanking), and force means things like holding a student's hand firmly to stop them throwing food. It's not whacking them with a nightstick.

> Our research uncovered a hidden "code-of-the-day" authentication mechanism that could be abused to bypass normal authentication

> Our analysis began by examining the internet exposure of these devices, where we identified thousands of publicly accessible management interfaces

> (shell injection vulnerability in management interface)

This is how we used to vibe-code before we had LLMs.

A good description of the design principles behind passkeys, actually.

> They can use passkeys to prevent you from running unapproved software.

Nope, that's attestation in general; passkeys are not required for that. Passkeys have nothing to do with secure boot, for example. Which version of manifest and adblock chrome/edge supports also has nothing to do with their passkey support. Nor does the possible mandatory age-verification flag we might soon get built into our phones: it'll definitely use some kind of crypto but that can still be one in other ways than with passkeys.

Passkeys are a kludge for many reasons, but let's be careful with our terminology.

I think one problem is thinking of the trades as a place where you put people not (good|competent|intelligent) enough to go through college. (Some people's conception of the armed forces makes the same mistake.)

Go a generation or two back and in the UK, we had a much clearer separation between working and middle class, for example one got paid weekly or hourly wages, the other got paid a monthly salary. The trades themselves were divided into skilled and unskilled. While it made a huge cultural difference which class you were from, a good skilled trade could easily make you more money than a clerk job. (Bob Cratchit was middle class!) An unskilled day labourer such as a stevedore might live from hand to mouth, an engine mechanic could usually afford to raise a family and afford a place to live (in a working-class area).

In the old mechanical lever boxes, there were three kinds of levers: 'elements' (switches, derailers, gates), 'roads' and signals. To let a train move along a road, you first had to set all its elements correctly, and the road lever would only unlock when this was done. Pulling the road lever would also lock the associated elements in place. Then, you could 'open' the signal lever associated with the road, which is only unlocked when the road lever is pulled.

The interface in the page is built of modular components for elements and signals, which behind the scenes are connected to 'road' circuits. You select a road by holding the button at the start and pressing the one at the end. This tries to set up all elements along the road correctly, locks them electrically (with relays) if this succeeds, and then switches the signal at the start of the road. Obviously, the safety property is that you cannot set a road (or an individual element) while it is locked by another road, and no two roads can ever conflict with each other.

Of course, there are 'emergency overrides' for when components are malfunctioning, and strict protocols for using them - for example, not this way: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_Aibling_rail_accident

"Spurplan" (roughly "track plan") signalling control panel. To allow a train from point A to point B, you hold down the button at A and then press B. If there's no conflicts, it will set the switches along the way, lock the route (so you can't set a route that interferes) and then "open the signal", as they say in German, at point A.

This was a customizable system built out of standard components, which served its purpose well for a long time. Point your favorite translation tool at https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaisstellwerk for more details, or http://www.stellwerke.de/ if you want to go down a rabbit hole.

> Rotte [And I believe this was a way to annotate that something was… fixed, maybe? Or on its way to being fixed?]

Rotte = work gang. Reminder tag to not send a train down there.