Is it not the same in Spain at all?

Disclosure: Work in the ccTLD space.

Some TLDs gives you open access to just query the DNS and do an AXFR (download the whole zone), for example the .se and .nu ccTLDs (which I happen to work for the foundation managing those): dig @zonedata.iis.se se AXFR > se.zone.txt

For some zones you could use NSEC traversal https://linux.die.net/man/1/walker

For the new gTLDs (.app, .dev, .xyz, etc, etc) there is the Centralized Zone Data Service provided by icann: https://czds.icann.org/home where you can request access to zones.

The collection has survived new buildings being built (a time when stuff easily gets misplaced) and of course the ebbing and flowing of funding.

I would say that keeping that large of a collection of such a long time completely in order is a hard problem.

> 2.5 IP logging: By default, we do not keep permanent IP logs in relation with your Account. However, IP logs may be kept temporarily to combat abuse and fraud, and your IP address may be retained permanently if you are engaged in activities that breach our terms and conditions (e.g. spamming, DDoS attacks against our infrastructure, brute force attacks). The legal basis of this processing is our legitimate interest to protect our service against nefarious activities. If you enable authentication logging for your Account or voluntarily participate in Proton's advanced security program, the record of your login IP addresses is kept for as long as the feature is enabled. This feature is off by default, and all the records are deleted upon deactivation of the feature. The legal basis of this processing is consent, and you are free to opt in or opt out of that processing at any time in the security panel of your Account. The authentication logs feature records login attempts to your Account and does not track product-specific activity, such as VPN activity.

The ability to launch them was only something Moscow could do (they might have been able to reverse engineer control and remove safeguards and the might not). They needed to have tritium replaced every 12 years and IIRC many of the nuclear forced remained loyal to Russia.

That's their bargaining position at the time and that's before we add the international pressure to get rid of them.

Now I do think the DSA goes to far in many aspects (with some good provisions sprinkled in there) and I'm hoping it will not do to much damage.

As for what one can do I'm not sure, VPNs are great and will continue to have a market I expect ;) (We probably ought to vote in better people as MePs as well...)