I like programming language theory as much as anyone else, but there is a reason some language features exist only so that people can blog and think about them.

Nondeterminism is not a feature you want. Algebraic effects treat the execution stack (continuation) as data, you have total freedom over what you do with it. This flexibility is exactly where you get nondeterminism. This is how logic solvers or probabilistic algorithms work, but you don't want it as a programming language feature in general purpose programming language.

The problem is that the NASDAQ 100 and most likely also S&P 500, change their rules to permit SpaceX to be added early without traditional time for price discovery. It happens jsut five trading days before the major index rebalance.

After float adjustment SpaceX could be 1% of NASDAQ and 0.7% of SP500, but after full tranche escalation that takes over 130 days, SpaceX weight can be over 3% of NASDAQ and almost 2% of SP500 if the market cap stays near $1.5T.

(I think the price will decrease, so the weight will be smaller)

This is just a ploy to get exit liqudity as brikym, said. SpaceX collects enough capital to pay Twitter acquisition loans and then some, but the IPO not major boost for SpaceX finances. The coming merger with Tesla is clearly in the plans (C stocks).

https://lisp-docs.github.io/cl-language-reference/chap-9/j-b...

1. Employers must add more math testing before hiring to see that they get what they need.

2. Wages drop to with match the knowledge and skill. Become prompt engineer $25/h no permanent job.

3. Immigrants to the rescue!

Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=48298588

Points: 4

# Comments: 0

Legal document templates and generating them with given constraints existed before the LLM boom. They are accurate and predictable. Many easy and clear cases are already automated. You get a basic case, you take a template, and if the case has something specific, you add it.

I can see LLMs helping with: some paralegal work, legal searches when humans are there to judge the results, spotting and reporting errors in writing. Small modifications for templates.

The problem with the "AI lawyer" idea is that after things are written down, most of the thinking is already done. The text is the output of a hard-to-automate process involving:

* "Asking questions," being curious, and spotting things visually or by listening.

* figuring out the angle (formulating a case theory),

* identifying what is special in the case (the core anomaly),

* what the client wants (the true client objective). That's almost never what they say unless it's another corporate lawyer. You need to figure out emotional drivers, risk tolerance, and what constitutes a "win."

* what the opponent wants (adversarial motives),

* identifying ambiguities. Society is always shifting, and new ambiguities are created steadily.

A lawyer does all this and writes down their thinking. Lawyers think in writing. The legal profession has a really amazing blogosphere.

Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=48278039

Points: 2

# Comments: 1

the real headache for the Russians is new drones which represent a step-change in technology, making defenses useless. And much of the credit for may go to Eric Schmidt, former Google CEO turned drone warfare investor.

Rather than finding its way by GPS, the drone uses visual navigation, matching terrain features to an internal map. This means that GPS jamming, which can stop other drones, is useless.

The drone has an AI-enabled vision system to lock on to a target. High-quality optics identify and track targets from long range.

the biggest technological innovation is the Martian’s communication system. The Russians say that it has a digital modem which hides its communications in civilian Wi-Fi traffic at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, using a non-standard encrypted signal. This suggests that it is using chaos encryption or similar method to make the signal invisible against other Wi-Fi activity. The Russians believe the drones use a mesh radio, so each Martian acts as a relay for other drones, creating a covert communications network behind Russian lines.

Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=48257397

Points: 7

# Comments: 5

Oura is not claiming E2EE and Oura is not E2EE. E2EE in the health apps would mean that Oura would not see the data. Only user could see the data in their app. Oura's privacy policy states that they do not sell your data, they limit internal access using strict safeguards (like pseudonymization, where your name is separated from your health stats), and they pledge to push back against overbroad government data requests.

Contrast Oura to Apple Health that is true E2EE. Only you and your trusted devices have the keys, Apple can't see the keys, and Apple has noting to give is it gets government request.

Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=48245810

Points: 3

# Comments: 0

Zeroing income tax for bottom half is not so big deal as it sound, because bottom half pays other taxes more and after counting refundable tax credits, the bottom 40% of taxpayers already pay no income tax,

- You have paid income taxes on your income since I was 15.

- When counting refundable tax credits, the bottom 40% of taxpayers already pay no income tax,

Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=48209883

Points: 2

# Comments: 0

Good open source ones:

Frama-C

IKOS (from NASA)

(not relevant question)

The United States is not legally allowed to use "shoot-to-kill" force or launch deadly military strikes on drug-trafficking boats in international waters. '

The Baseline Rule: Lethal force is restricted to self-defense or the defense of others if the suspects present an immediate threat of death or serious physical harm.

Disabling Fire: To stop a fleeing boat, law enforcement is permitted to use "disabling fire" (such as firing at the engines or using boat-trapping nets), but they must explicitly minimize the risk of injury or death to the crew. Carrying illegal narcotics alone does not carry a death penalty, nor does it justify lethal force.

The US has killed over 160 people illegally using airstrikes. so far.

They do that already. US destroyers have shot round into the engine room of many Iranian oil tankers. Iranian oil is not getting trough.